Identification of glucocorticoid-responsive elements that control transcription of rat glutamine synthetase.

Transcriptional regulation of glutamine synthetase gene expression by dexamethasone in L6 muscle cells.

Dexamethasone increases glutamine synthetase activity and mRNA abundance in L6 muscle cells in culture, apparently by a glucocorticoid receptor-mediated process. The data in this report reveal that increased glutamine synthetase mRNA abundance is attributable at least in part to an enhanced rate of transcription of the glutamine synthetase gene. "Nuclear runoff" assays of glutamine synthetase g...

Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and potential regulatory elements of the glutamine synthetase gene from murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming); EC 6.3.1.2] specific activity, cellular content, mRNA abundance, and gene transcription rate increase by greater than 100-fold during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes dexamethasone increases, whereas insulin as well as N6,O2'-dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate decrease, glutamine synthetase...

Nitrogen Starvation and TorC1 Inhibition Differentially Affect Nuclear Localization of the Gln3 and Gat1 Transcription Factors Through the Rare Glutamine tRNACUG in S. cerevisiae

A leucine, leucyl-tRNA synthetase-dependent pathway activates TorC1 kinase and its downstream stimulation of protein synthesis, a major nitrogen consumer. We previously demonstrated, however, that control of Gln3, a transcription activator of catabolic genes whose products generate the nitrogenous precursors for protein synthesis, isn’t subject to leucine-dependent TorC1 activation. This led us...

Identification of two glucocorticoid response elements in the promoter region of the ubiquitous isoform of glutamine synthetase in gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta.

Unlike most teleosts, gulf toadfish have the capacity to switch from ammoniotely to ureotely as the predominate means of nitrogen excretion during periods of stress. The switch to ureotely is a result of increased glutamine synthetase (GS) mRNA expression/enzyme activity in the liver and muscle, which is initiated by cortisol. Cortisol typically affects gene expression through the action of cor...

Biochemical and molecular analysis of glutamine synthetase gene in brassica napus L.